Her army had defeated the Persians and she is most famous for defeating Cyrus the Great in 530 BC. When his mother heard what had happened to her son and her army, she sent a herald to Cyrus with this message: Cyrus, insatiate of blood, be not uplifted by this thing that has happened that with this fruit of the vine, whereof you Persians fill yourselves even to madness, so that, as the wine descends into your body, ill words rise up in you to the top be not uplifted, I say, because with such a powerful drug you have overmastered my son by trickery and not by strength and fighting. It was one of the mightiest empires in the world, and the Persian army could outmatch any rival. But centuries ago, the land that is now the United States was a very different place What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? After her death, the Scythian state was governed bynot one but three kings. How might history have occurred differently had she done so? When they brought it to her, she cut off his head and thrust it in a vat filled with human blood.
CYRUS ACCORDING TO HERODOTUS - Encyclopaedia Iranica In 530 B.C.E., a warrior queen met the king of Persia in battle. -ist n., adj. Herodotus called this battle "the cruellest and greatest". Before her are George VI, Mahidevran, Alexander III of Russia, Rudolf Hess, Mehmed VI, and Yuri Andropov. The most of the Persian army died on the spot and, among them, Cyrus himself, having ruled, in all, twenty-nine years. A warrior queen known for her fierceness, Tomyris was intensely protective of her family and her people. Now, therefore, take this proposal from me, for I advise you well. You have made the Persians from being slaves into free men and, instead of being ruled, to be the rulers of all others. So by this dream it cannot but be that he is plotting against me. For their spear-points, and arrow-heads, and for their battle-axes, they make use of brass; for head-gear, belts, and girdles, of gold. 209. Herodotus, describing the Persian King Cyrus expedition against the Massagetae, describes the Caspian Sea, the Araxes river which empties into it from the west, and the Caucasus Mountains which bind the Caspian there, and places Cyrus expedition in this very place. Tomyris ruled an area of Central Asia that is now perhaps parts of modern Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. If I do not err in my judgment, the enemy, when they see these many good things, will fall to, to possess them; and, from then on, what is left to you is the display of valiant deeds.. Yet, in other cases, its a matter when the man of the house neglects or refuses the obligations Yahweh expects of a husband, and the husbands duties must be piled upon the already overburdened wife! Then one third of the army of the Massagetae made an onslaught on them and butchered those of Cyrus army that had been left behind, despite their resistance. Tomyris was the Queen of the Massaegetae, a confederation of nomadic tribes that lived east of the Caspian Sea. She then challenged him to a second battle and the Persians believed that the second one would be already won before it even started. , a Canaanite deity, adopted by the Israelites; known among the Babylonians as Bel., Clifton Emahiser's Watchman's Teaching Ministries, Reissue of a Special Watchmans Supplement Letter from 1998, 24 Special Notices to All Who Deny Two-Seedline, From River Clyde to Tymochtee and Col William Crawford. Her biography is available in 45 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 44 in 2019). But the Persians stole on them and killed many and took prisoner even more, and among these was the son of Tomyris, who was general of the army of the Massagetae; his name was Spargapises. Desiring these Central Asian lands in an attempt to bring peace and stability to the northern borders of his empire, Cyrus, whose previous wife and queen had died several years prior, now offered marriage to Tomyris, whose husband had also died some time earlier. Sometimes the husband dies whereupon his widow must take over the rulership and be the breadwinner for the family, which has forever been an overwhelming physical and mental task. Nowadays, Tomyris is still an inspiration to many writers, painters, and composers. So then he gave these orders to his son and sent him and Croesus away to the land of Persia, and he himself and his army crossed the river. who wanted her to marry him. How did Tomyris die according to Herodotus? The Massagetae saw the feasts set out before them, once they had conquered their enemy, and, having filled themselves with food and wine, they lay down to sleep. The Iliad can provide new insights on the role of motherhood among the ancient Greek gods, and by extension, amongst ancient mortal Greek women themselves. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. However ideal this directive might be, our history has proven the ideal is not always possible! An inspirational, peaceful, listening experience. If a nation does not know its history, if the country loses its history, then its citizens have nowhere to go. I.212: When Tomyris heard what had befallen her son and her army, she sent a herald to Cyrus, who thus addressed the conqueror . And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. They had already faced so many bigger and more famous armies, that the soldiers led by a woman and her son didn't seem to be a difficult rival. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. But finally the Massagetae got the upper hand. For I will balance the two positions equally; I will assume that, having conquered those who confront you here, you will drive into the heart of Queen Tomyris empire. by | Oct 29, 2021 | peter hughes escape to the country | pinocchio's london road sheffield menu | Oct 29, 2021 | peter hughes escape to the country | pinocchio's london road sheffield menu
Now it is you and I; and I will give you your fill of blood, even as I threatened. There are many stories of the death of Cyrus, but this that I have told seems to me the most convincing. Inside Marilyn Monroe's Autopsy And The Shocking Conspiracies Behind It, The Savage Works Of Artemisia Gentileschi, The Painter Who Got Revenge On Her Rapist Through Her Art, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. But some time later the descendants of these kings subdued much of the territory beyond the Tanas River as far as Thrace for this people increased to great strength and had notable kings; one whom gave his name to the Sacae, another to the Massagetae, another to the Arimaspi, and several other tribes received their names in like manner . (Loeb Library edition). There were many great inducements to urge him on; first, his own birth, in respect to which he appeared to be something more than human, and, second, his good luck in his wars. The Massagetae surrounded the Persians, blocking their escape, and fully routed them. and related rights. To her Cyrus sent and would have wooed her in word to be his wife. When the Persian king ignored her, Tomyris raised her army. And Renaissance artists reenacted Tomyris punishment of Cyrus corpse. The names of Tomyris and her son, Spargapises, who was the head of her army, are of Iranian origins. But if you win, you will not win as much as if you had crossed into the enemys country and, conquering the Massagetae, were hot on the heels of a flying enemy. Inhis message, henoted that felt sorry about her son. However, once she saw Rustams smile and decided toaccept him asahusband. The story of Tomyris lived on long after the time of the Massagetae. Tomyris sought out his corpse among the Persian dead, and, when she found it, she filled a skin with human blood and fixed his head in the skin, and, insulting over the dead, she said: I am alive and conqueror, but you have destroyed me, all the same, by robbing me of my son by trickery. I will quote from David Grenes translation of The History, Herodotus, bk. While sorting through some 280,000 artifacts excavated from land reserved for a highway construction project running from Cambridge to the village of Huntingdon in eastern England, archaeologists affiliated with the Museum of London Archaeology discovered a miniature comb that was incredibly ancient and also made from a most unusual material. Should she have accepted Cyruss proposal of marriage?
Chi sconfisse Ciro il Grande in battaglia? - Rispostebrevi.com This became part of the Power of Women group of women subjects who triumphed in various ways over men. the Path to Glory is paved in Blood.. Widescreen 2.39:1 Runtime 156 Min. For their spearpoints and arrowheads and battle-axes are all made of bronze, but on their headgear, belts, and girdles they use adornments of gold. There was just one problem: Queen Tomyris refused to bend the knee to the Persians. When Tomyris learnt what hedid she ordered tostrike off his head and collect the blood into awineskin. That was the end of him. You bloodthirsty Cyrus, Tomyris raved, pride not yourself on this poor success. Prior to his military service, he graduated from Cleveland State University, having majored in sociology. That is regarded as the happiest lot; any man who dies of disease they do not eat but bury him in the ground, lamenting that he did not come to being eaten. Tomyris herself led the Massagetaean army into war, and, during the next battle opposing the Massagetae to the forces of Cyrus, Tomyris defeated the Persians and destroyed most of their army. In the same way, the breastplates of their horses are bronze, but the reins, bits, and cheekplates are of gold.
Tomyris, The Warrior Queen Who Beheaded Cyrus The Great Herodotus: The defeat of the Persians under Cyrus the Great by Queen Throughout the history of the Adamic (show blood in the face) people, Yahweh decreed the womans desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee (Gen. 3:16). The enemies fought in close combat with lances and daggers, with neither side yielding. You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. If he did not retreat, the Massagetae would attack in three days.
how did tomyris die - cleansealife.it with many riches of gold, as it was with her people in abundance, as well as brass. Back to Civilizations (Civ6) The Scythian people represent a civilization in Civilization VI.
Did Tomyris kill Cyrus? - Quora This work is in thepublic domainin theUnited States, because it was published(or registered with theU.S. Tomyris led her armies to defend against an attack by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid Empire, and, according to Herodotus, defeated and killed him in 530 BC. 2 A false god. Nobody could conquer rich lands ofthe Scythians. Mattia Preti, Tomyris Receiving the Head of Cyrus, 1670-72. Iron and silver they do not use at all, for indeed there is none in their country, but there is a great plenty of gold and bronze. In contrast, the kingdom of the Massagetae was much smaller. Archaeologists have been able to take a closer look at one of the United Kingdoms most famous shipwrecks. For these men, therefore, I would have you unsparingly slaughter many from your flocks and herds, and dress the meat and set it out in our camp for a banquet, and unsparingly set on bowls of wine unmixed with water and all sorts of viands. But some time later the descendants of these kings subdued much of the territory beyond the Tanas River as far as Thrace for this people increased to great strength and had notable kings; one whom gave his name to the Sacae, another to the Massagetae, another to the Arimaspi, and several other tribes received their names in like manner . (Loeb Library edition). After her are Draco, Belshazzar, Habakkuk, Astyages, Maya, Epimenides, Theano, Anacharsis, and Phalaris. This sixth-century woman, Tomyris (whose name means brave), led her armies to victory against the forces of the First Persian Empire then ruled by Cyrus the Great. This sixth-century woman, Tomyris (whose name means "brave"), led her armies to victory against the forces of the First Persian Empire then ruled by Cyrus the Great. This is the story of the life of the great queen of of the steppe - legendary Tomiris. By P. Motteux", " , ", "Tomyris of the Scythians will slake your thirst for blood in 'Civilization VI', "HERODOTUS iv. 600-400 B.C. Christogenea Books: Visit our page at Christogenea.com. Next, read about the conqueror Queen Zenobia, and then learn more about the myth of the Amazon women. Chteau de VersaillesCyrus the Great riding into battle. But Croesus the Lydian was there and found fault with this judgment, and declared another that was the opposite to what was accepted. Our motto is We try until we succeed!, Contact us at admin@historyandheadlines.com, Guidelines and Policies for Images used on This Site, as well as for Guest and Sponsored Articles, and Other Terms of Use. - Part II, Mother and Child Reunion Of Thetis And Achilles, Seductive Sirens of Greek Mythology and How Heroes Resisted Them, Celestial Goddess Selene: The Ancient Greek Goddess of the Moon, Pegasus of Greek Mythology: Majestic Winged Horse of Mount Olympus, Dreams of Human-Powered Flight: Daedalus and the Story of Icarus. Penthesilea felt so terrible about what she had done that she almost killed herself; only her culture's strict prohibition against suicide kept her from the ledge. But did Tomyris truly kill Cyrus the Great in such a brutal manner?
how did tomyris die - wellofinspiration.stream Megalithic Sites Are More than Just Stone, Neanderthal-Human Sex Caused a Million Covid Deaths, Caesars Savage Human Skewers Unearthed In German Fort, The Evidence is Cut in Stone: A Compelling Argument for Lost High Technology in Ancient Egypt, A Blazing Weapon: Unraveling the Mystery of Greek Fire. For their spearpoints and arrowheads and battle-axes are all made of bronze, but on their headgear, belts, and girdles they use adornments of gold. They were governed, at this time, by a queen named Tomyris. However, this time Tomyris was well prepared and her army blocked the quick avenue of escape for Cyrus and his army. Then Cyrus sent his ambassador to propose to her and unite the two nations in a one state without any fight. After it was over, Tomyris filled an animal skin with human blood, took Cyrus's severed head, and dunked it in the gore. "[3][6][5][8], According to another version of the death of Cyrus recorded by Ctesias, Cyrus died in battle against the Derbices, who were either identical with the Massagetae or a Massagetaean sub-tribe: according to this version, he was mortally wounded by the Derbices and their Indian allies, after which Cyrus's ally, the king Amorges of the Amyrgians, intervened with his own army and helped the Persian soldiers defeat the Derbices, following which Cyrus endured for three days, during which he organised his empire and appointed Spitaces son of Sisamas as satrap over the Derbices, before finally dying. November 23, 1876: Boss Tweed Turned Over to Authorities. But Tomyris, who understood that it was not herself that he was wooing but the kingship of the Massagetae, said no to his approaches. They are led by Tomyris, under whom their default colors are light orange and dark red. But Tomyris, who understood that it was not herself that he was wooing but the kingship of the Massagetae, said no to his approaches. The name Tomyris is the Latin form of the Ancient Greek name Tomuris (), which is itself the Hellenisation of a Saka name meaning "of family" derived from a cognate of the Avestan word taoxman () and of the Old Persian word taum (), meaning "seed," "germ," and "kinship," and of which various reconstructed forms have been proposed, including:[1][2], Tomyris was the widowed wife of the king of the Massagetae, whom she succeeded as the queen of the tribe after he died. The Massagetae faced off against the Persians in what Herodotus called the fiercest battle between non-Greeks.
Tomyris, The Female Warrior and Ruler Who May Have Killed Cyrus the These, then, were the opposing judgments. She was a widow, past middle life. 'Tomyris Plunges the Head of the Dead Cyrus Into a Vessel of Blood' by Rubens History Short: What was the First Country with an All-Woman Leadership? She reportedly even thrust his head into a wineskin full of human blood, declaring the following: Although I have come through the battle alive and victorious, you have destroyed me by capturing my son with a trick. Not only did Queen Tomyris and her Massagetae tribesmen worship the sun-god Baal but all the twelve tribes of Israel did likewise and Yahweh divorced all of them, and cast them away for a seven times punishment period of 2,520 years, and all twelve are still worshipping the sun-god Baal, Protestants and Catholics alike (halloween, and all the other sun-god Baal days)! Spargapizes was, moreover, the commander-in-chief of the armies of the queen. If you do not so, I swear by the sun, the lord of the Massagetae, that, for all your insatiability of blood, I will give you your fill of it.. She led her army to victory over the Persians and saved her land, but also avenged the death of Spargapises. )-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Tomyris leads the Scythian civilization in the 2016, Washington D.C.-based, female-fronted, heavy metal band, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 02:01. Following a lost battle, his severed head was put into a bag full of blood, that being, according to Herodotus, the most credible variant among several stories about the death of the king (1.214). Herodotus describes the Massagetae: In their dress and mode of living [they] resemble the Scythians, and, as he says later that the Scythians carry, their favorite weapon is the battle-axe (Histories 1.201, 215). And when they got drunk, the Persians struck. She became famous for her bravery and especially for the greatest battle she ever fought - the day when Cyrus the Great died. So to the west of this sea called Caspian there is the barrier of the Caucasus, but to the east and the rising sun there succeeds a plain that stretches endlessly to the eye. So in my opinion we ought to cross over and advance as far as the enemy will let us, and from then on take the following measures to get the better of them. Shortly after the ceremony Tomyris lost her father who was her mentor and friend. Nevertheless, being suspicious of Cyruss intentions, Tomyris rejected his proposal and so he instead prepared to take her kingdom by force. However ideal this directive might be, our history has proven the ideal is not always possible! His words were these: My lord, I told you long ago that, since Zeus had given me to you, whatsoever I saw that could make your house fall, I would to the extent of my power prevent it. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. old trucks for sale by owner'' in ontario; relihan funeral home obituaries douglas, ga; 2, no pagination: Baal n. 1 The Phoenician sun god; one of numerous local deities of the ancient Semite peoples, gods of fertility. As I understand it, the Massagetae are inexperienced in the good things of Persia and have never tasted of what is great and glorious. Press Esc to cancel. It was reputed in local legend to be the seat of the god Wotan and to be haunted. They are drinkers of milk. That is what Cyrus said, because he thought that Darius was plotting against him. 206. Her name was even given to one of the minor planets, which is known as 590 Tomyris . You have made the Persians from being slaves into free men and, instead of being ruled, to be the rulers of all others.
Tomyris | Military Wiki | Fandom Her army had defeated the Persians and she is most famous for defeating Cyrus the Great in . even the Kazakhstan is in the movie industry and hopefully it continue on a good path. An opera, as it is perform'd at the Theatre Royal in Drury-Lane. So Hystaspes answered him and then crossed the Araxes and betook himself to Persia, there to guard his son against the coming of Cyrus. With his suicide died any remaining chance of peace between Cyrus and Tomyris. 205. They migrated westwards and became the dominant power in many parts of Asia and influenced Europe.
Tomyris: The cut-throat warrior queen of Massagetae wreck in west monroe, la today. What you have done should give you no cause for celebration. 213. Tomyris was an ancient ruler of the Massagetae, a Scythian pastoral-nomadic confederation in Central Asia. [3][5][4], When Cyrus started building a bridge on the Araxes river with the intent of attacking the Massagetae, Tomyris advised him to remain satisfied with ruling his own kingdom and to allow her to rule her kingdom. The name Tomyris isvery popular inKazakhstan.
1, 204-216: 204. 2:15; Jude 11 & Rev. It would be a Great pursuit :) ! Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. When they had eaten and drunk their fill, and were now sunk in sleep, the Persians under Cyrus arrived, slaughtered a great multitude, and made even a larger number prisoners. Still, you will not follow this advice of mine, but will do anything rather than remain at rest.
The Most Famous Queens in Ancient History - ThoughtCo Give it over and rule over your own people, and endure to look upon us governing ours. That is regarded as the happiest lot; any man who dies of disease they do not eat but bury him in the ground, lamenting that he did not come to being eaten. Still, you will not follow this advice of mine, but will do any, thing rather than remain at rest. Shamed by his capture, Spargapises pleaded with Cyrus for permission to end his own life. Mattia Preti/Wikimedia CommonsQueen Tomyris, the warrior queen of the Massagetae. So we see that the Parthians of the Parthian empire were Scythians, and Josephus surely indicates to us that they were Israelites.. [4], When the founder of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, Cyrus, asked for the hand of Tomyris with the intent of acquiring her kingdom through the marriage, she understood Cyrus's aims and rejected his proposal. Tomyris' Leader Ability: Killer of Cyrus All military and religious units gain +5 strength when attacking units on less than full health All military and religious units heal 30 HP when they kill a unit Outline (Part 2/2) Unique Unit: Saka Horse Archer A classical-era ranged land unit which does not replace anything Research Obsoletion Few records survive from the final years of Cyrus reign. While Queen Tomyris did quite well in routing Cyrus, her mode of worship was flawed! Jean-Simon Berthlemy/Wikimedia CommonsAn 18th-century depiction of Queen Tomyris by Jean-Simon Berthlemy. In celebration of driving back the Persians, the Massagetae drank the wine. 1 Report along with a reproduction in PDF. 207. I will quote from David Grenes translation of. Tomyris sought out his corpse among the Persian dead, and, when she found it, she filled a skin with human blood and fixed his head in the skin, and, insulting over the dead, she said: I am alive and conqueror, but you have destroyed me, all the same, by robbing me of my son by trickery. Alban Heath, Analytical Review of Philip Jones The Negro, Serpent, Beast and Devil, #1, Analytical Review of Philip Jones The Negro, Serpent, Beast and Devil, #2, Analytical Review of Philip Jones The Negro, Serpent, Beast and Devil, #3, Analytical Review of Philip Jones The Negro, Serpent, Beast and Devil, #4, Analytical Review of Philip Jones The Negro, Serpent, Beast and Devil, #5, Analytical Review of Philip Jones The Negro, Serpent, Beast and Devil, #6, Benjamin Franklins Stance on Race in 1751, Biblical Racial Law & The 1st Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The Greeks say that it is the Scythians that do this, but it is not the Scythians that do so but the Massagetae. 206. 207. It should be pointed out with emphasis that Queen Tomyris was one of Yahwehs battle-axe women, and she out maneuvered Cyrus and brought about his death. But the fierceness of Tomyris and her vow to slay Cyrus gave the Massagetae an edge. Hystaspes answered: My lord, let never [a] Persian be born that shall plot against you, and, if he exist, let him die right quickly. Their judgments were all the same, that they should admit Tomyris and her army into their own country. She kept her promise the Massagetae defeated the Persians. Its also noteworthy that anasteroid (590) discovered in1906 was named after Tomyris. The history of Tomyris has been incorporated into the tradition of Western art; Rubens, Allegrini, Luca Ferrari, Mattia Preti, Gustave Moreau and the sculptor Severo Calzetta da Ravenna are among the many artists who have portrayed events in the life of Tahm-Rayi and her defeat of Cyrus and his armies. So she withdrew, as she had promised at the first. Director Akan Satayev Writers Aliya Nazarbayeva Timur Zhaksylykov Stars Ghassan Massoud Erden Telemisov Eduardo Minett Of the gods, they worship the sun only, to whom they sacrifice horses, and their argument for the sacrifice is this: to the swiftest of all gods they assign the swiftest of all mortal things., stated: Elsewhere Strabo tells us that the Dae, along with the Massagetae and Sacae, are Scythians (11.8.2). He also described how these Scythians had migrated into Europe from Asia (4.11, 48), as Diodorus tells us, and he says that the Scythians of the east who were once subject to the Persians, the Scythians of the Caucasus mountains, and the Scythians of Europe were all related (7.64)., There are many Baal gods; too many to mention here. But to him the god was giving signs that he himself should die, right there where he was, and that his kingship should pass to Darius. Following his military service, he worked as a police officer eventually earning the rank of captain prior to his retirement. If we shall admit the enemy onto our land, there is a danger in that, and it is this: if you are worsted, you will lose your whole empire along with the battle. Give it over and rule over your own people, and endure to look upon us governing ours. But no: you are hardly going to take this advice, since peace is the last thing you desire. ( Public Domain ), The greater part of the army of the Persians was destroyed and Cyrus himself fell, after reigning nine and twenty years. Inabout 530-529B.C. Cyrus, the ruler ofthe Median Empire known asthe "Ruler ofAsia", conquered many countries and moved onthe Great Steppe.
Tomyris Biography - 6th-century BC queen of the Massagetae After this, Cyrus, since he had gained nothing by craft, drove as far as the Araxes and now openly made a campaign against the Massagetae, building bridges over the river for the passage of his army and building towers on the rafts that were to carry his men over. They use neither iron nor silver, having none in their country; but they have brass and gold in abundance.. If it is immortal that you think yourself, and immortal the army that you govern, there would be no ground for me to give you advice. Tomyris kingdom was located in the area to the east of theCaspian Sea, in parts of modern-dayTurkmenistan,Afghanistan, western Uzbekistan, and southernKazakhstan. For wherever Cyrus directed his attack, that people could in no way escape. Cyrus, who had reigned unopposed for twenty-nine years, died in the battle. Mattia Preti/Wikimedia Commons Queen Tomyris, the warrior queen of the Massagetae. A farmer, who refused to kill Cyrus when Harpagus told him to, because king Astyages of Media told him to because of a dream. The tomb of Tomyris has never been found. Queen Tomyris of the Massagetae was the ruler of a nomadic Asian tribe, and the widow of a dead king. By any measure, the Persians should have won.
how did tomyris die - nakedeyeballs.com Tomyris saw through it as Herodotus says, she was aware that it was her kingdom, and not herself, that he courted. She rejected the proposal and told Cyrus to focus on ruling his own lands rather than trying to take hers. havanese rescue ontario LIVE The Massagetae saw the feasts set out before them, once they had conquered their enemy, and, having filled themselves with food and wine, they lay down to sleep. The Greeks called them "centaurs who were born insaddles" and told legends about them. Having done so, I would leave behind the meanest part of our army and march away with the rest as far as the river. He learned that his enemy were not experienced with the effects of wine and so he left a small force of Persians as bait for the Massagetae to attack.
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