Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Subscribe Visit website Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our. BORODITSKY: And Russian is a language that has grammatical gender, and different days of the week have different genders for some reason. Just saying hello was difficult. There was no such thing as looking up what it originally meant. You can run experiments in a lab or survey people on the street. It has to do with the word momentarily. Many people have this intuition that, oh, I could never learn that; I could never survive in a community like this. This week on Hidden Brain, psychologist Adam Grant describes the magic th If you are a podcaster, the best way to manage your podcasts on Listen Notes is by claiming your Listen Notes And if the word bridge is masculine in your language, you're more likely to say that bridges are strong and long and towering - these kind of more stereotypically masculine words. So if the word for death was masculine in your language, you were likely to paint death as a man. VEDANTAM: I understand that there's also been studies looking at how artists who speak different languages might paint differently depending on how their languages categorize, you know, concepts like a mountain or death. FDA blocks human trials for Neuralink brain implants. MCWHORTER: Yes, that's exactly true. Each language comprises the ideas that have been worked out in a culture over thousands of generations, and that is an incredible amount of cultural heritage and complexity of thought that disappears whenever a language dies. MCWHORTER: Yeah, I really do. So one possibility for bilinguals would be that they just have two different minds inside - right? I'm Shankar Vedantam. According to neuroscientists who study laughter, it turns out that chuckles and giggles often aren't a response to humorthey're a response to people. So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. So there are these wonderful studies by Alexander Giora where he asked kids learning Finnish, English and Hebrew as their first languages basically, are you a boy or a girl? But it's so hard to feel that partly because our brains are on writing, as I say in the book. And it's just too much of an effort, and you can't be bothered to do it, even though it's such a small thing. Time now for "My Unsung Hero," our series from the team at Hidden Brain telling the stories of . And in fact, speakers of languages like this have been shown to orient extremely well - much better than we used to think humans could. We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness can seem more el, When we want something very badly, it can be hard to see warning signs that might be obvious to other people. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Physicist Richard Feynman once said, "The first principle is that you must not fool yourself, and you are the easiest person to fool." One way we fool ourselves is by imagining we know more than we do; we think we are experts. And one thing that we've noticed is that around the world, people rely on space to organize time. : A Data-Driven Prescription to Redefine Professional Success, Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? So for example, for English speakers - people who read from left to right - time tends to flow from left to right. You-uh (ph). They give us a sense that the meanings of words are fixed, when in fact they're not. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators, The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. That is exactly why you should say fewer books instead of less books in some situations and, yes, Billy and I went to the store rather than the perfectly natural Billy and me went to the store. And, I mean, really, it sounds exactly like that. What do you do for christmas with your family? (LAUGHTER) VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. ADAM COLE, BYLINE: (Singing) You put your southwest leg in, and you shake it all about. Hidden Brain: You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose on Apple Podcasts 51 min You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose Hidden Brain Social Sciences Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. And they said, well, of course. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. Please do not republish our logo, name or content digitally or distribute to more than 10 people without written permission. It's too high. I want everybody to have the fun I'm having. These relationships can help you feel cared for and connected. But what most people mean is that there'll be slang, that there'll be new words for new things and that some of those words will probably come from other languages. Bu This is HIDDEN BRAIN. Interpersonal Chemistry: What Is It, How Does It Emerge, and How Does it Operate? VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. MCWHORTER: Those are called contronyms, and literally has become a new contronym. BORODITSKY: My family is Jewish, and we left as refugees. Maybe they like the same kinds of food, or enjoy the same hobbies. And what's cool about languages, like the languages spoken in Pormpuraaw, is that they don't use words like left and right, and instead, everything is placed in cardinal directions like north, south, east and west. BORODITSKY: I had this wonderful opportunity to work with my colleague Alice Gaby in this community called Pormpuraaw in - on Cape York. VEDANTAM: I understand there's been some work looking at children and that children who speak certain languages are actually quicker to identify gender and their own gender than children who are learning other languages in other cultures. For more on decision-making, check out our episode on how to make wiser choices. There's been a little bit of research from economists actually looking at this. And they have correlated this with gender features in the language, just like the ones you were talking about. John, you've noted that humans have been using language for a very long time, but for most of that time language has been about talking. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. That's what it's all about. Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. And what he noticed was that when people were trying to act like Monday, they would act like a man. In English, actually, quite weirdly, we can even say things like, I broke my arm. We use a lot of music on the show! In the United States, we often praise people with strong convictions, and look down on those who express doubt or hesitation. Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, by Shannon M. Smith & Harry Reis, Personal Relationships, 2012. He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". 00:51:58 - We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #4: (Speaking foreign language). It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. VEDANTAM: I'm Shankar Vedantam. BORODITSKY: That's a wonderful question. Our team includes Laura Kwerel, Adhiti Bandlamudi and our supervising producer Tara Boyle. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. There's not a bigger difference you could find than 100 percent of the measurement space. And what he found was kids who were learning Hebrew - this is a language that has a lot of gender loading in it - figured out whether they were a boy or a girl about a year sooner than kids learning Finnish, which doesn't have a lot of gender marking in the language. Language is something that's spoken, and spoken language especially always keeps changing. I'm Shankar Vedantam. A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. That hadn't started then. And you suddenly get a craving for potato chips, and you, realize that you have none in the kitchen, and there's nothing else you really want to, eat. And it sounds a little bit abrupt and grabby like you're going to get something instead of being given. And you've conducted experiments that explore how different conceptions of time in different languages shape the way we think about the world and shape the way we think about stories. The dictionary says both uses are correct. But what we should teach is not that the good way is logical and the way that you're comfortable doing it is illogical. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. But what if there's a whole category of people in your life whose impact is overlooked? MCWHORTER: It's a matter of fashion, pure and simple. But if you prefer life - the unpredictability of life - then living language in many ways are much more fun. JERRY SEINFELD: (As Jerry Seinfeld) The second button literally makes or breaks the shirt. VEDANTAM: John McWhorter, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. VEDANTAM: So this begs the question, if you were to put languages on something of a spectrum, where you have, you know, languages like Spanish or Hindi where nouns are gendered and languages like English where many nouns are not gendered but pronouns are gendered, and on the other end of the spectrum, you have languages like Finnish or Persian where you can have a conversation about someone without actually mentioning their gender, it would seem surprising if this did not translate, at some level, into the way people thought about gender in their daily activities, in terms of thinking about maybe even who can do what in the workplace. Thank you! So LOL was an internet abbreviation meaning laugh out loud or laughing out loud, but LOL in common usage today doesn't necessarily mean hysterical laughter. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. Listen on the Reuters app. And so for example, if the word chair is masculine in your language, why is that? We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness Why do some companies become household names, while others flame out? And if you can enjoy it as a parade instead of wondering why people keep walking instead of just sitting on chairs and blowing on their tubas and not moving, then you have more fun. There are many scholars who would say, look, yes, you do see small differences between speakers of different languages, but these differences are not really significant; they're really small. They shape our place in it. Maybe it's even less than a hundred meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your coat on over your pajamas and put your boots on and go outside and walk those hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness. Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), by Harry T. Reis et. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. So to give you a very quick wrap-up is that some effects are big, but even when effects aren't big, they can be interesting or important for other reasons - either because they are very broad or because they apply to things that we think are really important in our culture. HIDDEN BRAIN < Lost in Translation: January 29, 20189:00 PM ET VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. : The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits of Sharing Positive Events, Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. There's a lowlier part of our nature that grammar allows us to vent in the absence of other ways to do it that have not been available for some decades for a lot of us. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? And dead languages never change, and some of us might prefer those. So when the perfect woman started writing him letters, it seemed too good to be true. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #8: (Speaking Italian). In this favorite episode from 2021, Cornell University psychologist Anthony Burrow explains why purpose isnt something to be found its somethi, It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. Each generation hears things and interprets things slightly differently from the previous one. They believe that their language reflects the true structure of the world. Please note that your continued use of the RadioPublic services following the posting of such changes will be deemed an acceptance of this update. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #3: (As character) I'm willing to get involved. Look at it. You can support Hidden Brain indirectly by giving to your local NPR station, or you can provide direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page. "Most of the laughter we produce is purely . Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment, by Soonhee Lee, Ronald D. Rogge, and Harry T. Reis, Psychological Science, 2010. But, in fact, they were reflecting this little quirk of grammar, this little quirk of their language and in some cases, you know, carving those quirks of grammar into stone because when you look at statues that we have around - of liberty and justice and things like this - they have gender. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #1: (As character) If you're so upset about it, maybe you can think of a way to help her. Whats going on here? So it's easy to think, oh, I could imagine someone without thinking explicitly about what they're wearing. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? Hidden Brain - Transcripts Hidden Brain - Transcripts Subscribe 435 episodes Share Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. VEDANTAM: My guest today is - well, why don't I let her introduce herself? Or feel like you and your spouse sometimes speak different languages? MCWHORTER: Language is a parade, and nobody sits at a parade wishing that everybody would stand still. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. VEDANTAM: If languages are shaped by the way people see the world, but they also shape how people see the world, what does this mean for people who are bilingual? There are signs it's getting even harder. Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, by Amy Edmondson, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999. In the second episode of our "Relationships 2.0" series, psychologist Do you ever struggle to communicate with your mom? But actually, that's exactly how people in those communities come to stay oriented - is that they learn it, (laughter) right? And it ended up becoming less a direct reflection of hearty laughter than an indication of the kind of almost subconscious laughter that we do in any kind of conversation that's meant as friendly. If you're bilingual or multilingual, you may have noticed that different languages make you stretch in different ways. Imagine this. When language was like that, of course it changed a lot - fast - because once you said it, it was gone. I think that the tone that many people use when they're complaining that somebody says Billy and me went to the store is a little bit incommensurate with the significance of the issue. VEDANTAM: Languages orient us to the world. VEDANTAM: One of the ultimate messages I took from your work is that, you know, we can choose to have languages that are alive or languages that are dead. There are different ways to be a psychologist. Parents and peers influence our major life choices, but they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. This week, we continue our look at the science of influence with psychologist Robert Cialdini, and explore how these techniques can be used for both good and evil. Hidden Brain explores the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior and questions that lie at the heart of our complex and changing world. But the reason that it seems so elusive is because we don't really think about the, quote, unquote, "meaning" of things like our conversation-easing laughter. BORODITSKY: So quite literally, to get past hello, you have to know which way you're heading. But what if it's not even about lust? But I find that people now usually use the word to mean very soon, as in we're going to board the plane momentarily. We'll also look at how languages evolve, and why we're sometimes resistant to those changes. If I give you a bunch of pictures to lay out and say this is telling you some kind of story and you - and they're disorganized, when an English speaker organizes those pictures, they'll organize them from left to right. MCWHORTER: Exactly. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. They're more likely to see through this little game that language has played on them.
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