Correction 2/13/20, 12:30 p.m. Mercer Island High School's Broadcast Media Students Honored with 16 National Broadcasting Awards. Nicholas Senn was an a renown surgeon, military doctor, author and so much more. Commander in anti-submarine work. The high school FRC robotics team I help to mentor has finished the chassis of our robot. It just brings alertness and focus to the game., White Sox notebook: Benintendi, Anderson, Alberto, Saturdays win. District: 299. So he decided he needed to go back to his classrooms to focus on his studies. Monday, July 20, 2015 CHICAGO (WLS) -- Two Chicago Public School principals have been removed from their jobs, CPS officials confirm. In July of 2014,Lofton was escorted from the buildingat 5900 N. Glenwood Ave. by CPS officials. Principal & interest $1,163. It has been listed on Rocket Homes since February 28, 2023 and is currently priced at $159,000. ft. home is a 4 bed, 3.0 bath property. Recommended Stories Miami Herald Woman exercising at gym is. Twice a year, her chorus had put on the spring and winter concerts along with the band and orchestra. show you a personalized ranking of which colleges are the $100,000.
Chicago Students Protest After Teacher Allegedly Tells Hispanic Girl to It was a big change along with COVID-19.. / CBS Chicago. Distance: 1.8 mi. Also an extensive history program is offered, covering everything from Modern World History to Urban History.. I know that some people are comfortable, some are not, and the comfortability changes too.. As a current Senior at this school, this school hasn't changed as much. Principal Holly Dacres Chief Executive Officer Mr. Pedro Martinez Address 5900 N GLENWOOD AVE CHICAGO IL 60660 (773) 534-2365. Senn, located in Edgewater on the North Side, is one of CPS' most diverse schools. Educator and activist Denisha Jones explains what racial justice in education looks like. Lefty reliever Brandon Hughes also has been on a later game schedule after a heavy workload last season. In addition to the schools teams suffering from a lack of resources, Lofton also went after the physical education program.
Senn High School principal shares thoughts on returning to in-person While Bandoliks role as AIC certainly smoothed out the transition process, Senn faculty is still having to adapt in unique ways without a traditional principal. Please enter valid email address to continue. As our IB and Magnet Arts, as well as our community programs, continue to improve, Senn will remain a place that teachers, parents, community, and most importantly, students, will be proud to claim as their own. Shock and dismay were truly evident when he announced his early retirement in January of 1992 from Senn. Senn students report! Senn is a good place to work. David M. Davidson was born and raised in New Orleans Louisiana, where he attended Boys High School. Lockers were off limits, as were drinking fountains, and stairwells were marked off for one-way traffic. After leaving Senn, Benjamin had gone on to become the assistant superintendent of the Chicago schools. The teacher is also alleged to have asked an African American student who also sat during the national anthem if she was eligible for the school's free and reduced lunch program. SENN HIGH SCHOOL (9 - 12) CITY OF CHICAGO SD 299. . SAT Scores Relative to U.S. News Expectations. Try the My Fit Custom College Ranking to build a list of schools personalized for you. It is because we work together for success. Register for free. Rockwell Elementary 208 Rockwell Road Nor is it mere coincidence that Dr. Willis Annual report as General Superintendent of the schools is called, {Quality Through New Directions}. Senn already has a top performing International Baccalaureate program, which expanded this past year with the addition of the new Middle Years Program (IB/MYP). "CPS is committed to fostering learning environments that embrace and support all students, and the alleged actions of the teacher in question run counter to our beliefs and priorities as a school district," spokesman James Gherardi told Newsweek. AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of the College Board. Mr. Nowinson had formerly been principal of Hayes, Key, and Englewood High School. *Mr. William G. Wilson served 3 years as Senns principal.
Senn High School - Find Alumni, Yearbooks & Reunion Plans No one is really complaining since I am a veteran principal, Bandolik said. . September 1928-1948. Senn High School principal Susan Lofton and Marine Leadership Academy at Ames principal Fred Aguirre were removed on Friday, and have been slated for pre-suspension hearings, and possible firings, pending a review by CPS. 2022 inaugural AFT Adjunct Faculty Award for excellence in academic instruction, Finalist. Nicholas Senn High School. With a diverse enrollment of nearly 1,500, each student is able to make their own decision on whether to opt-in to in-person instruction. Later, entering the Chicago public School system in 1911, he taught at the McKinley high School until 1922, when he was promoted to theprincipal-shipof the Holden Elementary School. have the opportunity to take Advanced Placement coursework and exams. With as few as 1 student in a classroom, CPS high schoolers return to unusually empty buildings but familiar faces. Upon graduation he entered Tulane University. *Dr. John F. Erzinger served 1 year as Senns principal. Member, University Task Force on Emergency Management Operations & Communications. Sources say Lofton lowered the scores of incoming special education students to keep them from qualifying for a premier arts program so the average test scores of the program would remain high. ammorales15@cps.edu. This shows this school's student participation and performance on these exams if data were available.
Senn High School - Wikipedia Beck has been able to observe the process as a principal and as a parent. Congratulations to the community, neighbors, alumni, fine arts committee, faculty and staff who worked so hard to make this dream a reality! Everyone Practices Cancel Culture | Opinion, Deplatforming Free Speech is Dangerous | Opinion.
Larry Whipple auf LinkedIn: The high school FRC robotics team I help to Within a few weeks, the Board of Ed. s. 256 (word version) -- senators m. johnson and grooms: a bill to amend the south carolina code of laws by adding section 59-63-85 so as to provide public schools may allow students to possess and use certain sunscreen on school property and at school sponsored events with parental consent, to define necessary terms, to provide public schools . Senn High School is the 177th largest public high school in Illinois and the 4,035th largest nationally. If restricted are to become a reality, if the ideal of equity is not to be languished, if we are to unleash the potential of every child, we must unsettle-we must jettison the status quo. Overview. 1 Bed. Since then, many new programs have been tried under Mr. Coffeys leadership. Beck said, I think people are going to be tired. This overview highlights some of the most noteworthy findings from the 2022 survey and provides some insights from survey-takers into the root causes of and potential solutions to the mental health epidemic affecting our region. Those who returned were generally happy to be back even though school felt somewhat unfamiliar. We study together, we play together. More than three out of four Senn students come from low-income families, and nearly 20% speak limited English. Get one-on-one help building your admissions strategy from CollegeAdvisor's team of over 400+ Admissions Experts. The Senn community rallied around Mr. Martin and said their good-byes with accolades. Obama relatives sue Milwaukee school alleging racial bias, Enter the Sun-Times student art contest The Imagination Project with your take on Spring ahead, Pandemic-delayed memorial planned for Jan Bach, prolific composer who taught at NIU, Every day feels unsettled: Why educators are burnt out these days, State asks CPS to repay $87M it mistakenly received over 3 years, Teachers union proposes common good plan for City Colleges of Chicago that would expand medical and child care services, Dear Abby: When my husbands brother marries, I should be in the wedding, Jose Abreu on life with the Astros and leaving the White Sox, who werent a family in 2022, Founding fathers didnt own AR-15s or large capacity magazines, Pritzker and Raoul argue in defense of ban, Dear Abby: With boyfriends fussy father living here, I feel trapped, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and wife to invest $250 million in new Chicago research lab, Why Cubs Keegan Thompson made his 2023 spring-training debut a week after the opener, White Sox manager Pedro Grifol likes Andrew Benintendi in the 3-hole, Are the Bulls fixable this season? ", Today @ SENN HIGHSCHOOL CHICAGO, We held a peaceful sit in to protest against ROBERT SPURLIN.
PDF An Overview of the DMF Wellness Survey On July 17, Susan Lofton was removed from her position as Principal of Senn High School.
Korina Fischer - Chief Executive Officer and Cofounder - MUUTAA | LinkedIn Chicago Public Schools (CPS) announced their plans of allowing students to return back to school in person via email on March 16th. Mortgage insurance $0. If all goes smoothly, they should have a principal very soon.. One of the things I have enjoyed the most is the out pouring of school spirit. ET: This article was updated to correctly attribute Block Club Chicago. Senn has advanced placement classes, an International Baccalaureate Diploma Program, a fine arts program (theater, visual arts, dance, and music), and a Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps program. View more property details, sales history and Zestimate data on Zillow. of being able to think for ourselves. Senn High School 5900 N Glenwood Ave Chicago, IL 60660 ( School attendance zone shown in map) Rating : 6/ 10 Top 50% Tel: (773) 534-2365 www.sennhs.org SAVE SCHOOL Senn High School serves 1,682 students in grades 9-12. I really approached all my communication with parents from that lens. Nicholas Senn High School in Edgewater is in a state of transition as it searches for a new principal with the selection process ongoing since August. This program is among the most prestigious, academically rigorous in the United States.
We thank Mr. Coffey! Mr. Davidsons first taught at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri. *Benjamin F. Buck served 15 years as Senns principal. Senn is using the same schedule model as most high schools, with in-person students split into Monday-Tuesday and Thursday-Friday cohorts and teachers working with virtual and in-person students at the same time. SENN HIGH SCHOOL (9 - 12) CITY OF CHICAGO SD 299 Compare Schools Custom Report Card Builder Demographics: Demographics 1 of 2 The chart displays the demographics for teachers in this district.
Nicholas Senn High School - Chicago JROTC Armadillos Pillow comforts Rogers Park book lovers. Typically, there are some things that come up that can be best answered by a principal and not a department chair or assistant principal, so it does feel as though there are a few more question marks in the air this year.. Join half a million readers enjoying Newsweek's free newsletters, Teacher Investigated for Slavery Lesson Where He Pretended to Whip Student. Concerning high school graduation pathway options.
Principal's Alley - Nicholas Senn High School Alumni Past Reunions Senn High School Reunion May 25, 2022 Location TBD Senn High School Reunion May 21, 2022 Skokie, IL Virtual Reunion: Senn High School Reunion Address: 5900 North Glenwood Avenue Chicago, IL 60660: School Phone: (773) 534-2365: School Fax: (773) 534-2369: Principal: Ms. mary p. beck: Senior Army Instructor: ltc Louis cooley: Army Instructors: SSG TYRONE JACKSON: JROTC Phone: (773) 534-2831: JROTC Fax: (773) 534-2369: Click here for the school website .
1350 W Elmdale Ave #3, Chicago, IL 60660 | MLS# 11728550 | Redfin She was loved by many, and she was stern when she needed to be. psychiatrists to licensed social workers to school principals, among many others. Learn more. Senn students report! Este botn muestra el tipo de bsqueda seleccionado. CPS should investigate completely the allegationsincluding the targeting of students of colorand make clear this is not tolerated.". Unlike the three-month summer break, students have been out of a regular routine for over a year. Used with permission.
Senn High School teacher removed as district investigates whether Text from Pages 1 - 156 of the 1962 volume: " Ded ication In recognition and appreciation of their outstanding contributions to the Edwardsville High School Music Department, their warm friendliness, and their continuous quest for perfection in all aspects of music, we, the members of the yearbook staff, dedicate the 1962 TIGER to Mr. Cleaon Etzkorn and Mr. James . For more information on the reopening of Senn High School, click here. "I felt very offended because my parents have fought hard to be a part of this country," she said. Cuando se ampla, se proporciona una lista de opciones de bsqueda para que los resultados coincidan con la seleccin actual. After months of hard work, we are pleased to announce a new initiative on campus: the Shane Macas-Senn no LinkedIn: To my fellow Widener University Commonwealth Law School classmates! "I told [the teacher] I was born here, and [the teacher] told me to go somewhere else," the student told Block Club Chicago.
Senn High School (2023 Ranking) - Chicago, IL - Public School Review Whenever we come back from summer break, everyone is exhausted the first week or two because youve just shifted the way in which you operate. We Bulldogs can use this as an opportunity to celebrate and build upon many of the improvements made over the past five years. The program has already begun partnering with local talent and major universities. A reception for Mr. John T. Martin was given by the PTSA at Ebenzer Lutheran Church on February 11th.
*Thomas F. Coffey served 6 years as Senns principal. said: Mr. Samuel Nowinson as he had started the position of principal. Richard S. Norman began his career in the Chicago Public School system as a teacher at Waller High School. SHIRLEY SENN Ampliar bsqueda. $499,900. Whatever it is, it sparks that fuse of intellectual curiosity in man without which there would be no progress. Total Economically Disadvantaged (% of total).
Senn High School PDF DRAFT Introductions and First Reading of Bills, Memorials, Joint Senn High School is ranked 144th The challenge is yours. ~ 1996.
Teacher removed after Senn High School students stage sit-in over None of this is ok. #Twill pic.twitter.com/7GjJTw6WGo. Read more about how we rank the Best High Schools. Alba Morales Assistant Principal. These figures display how well the school as a whole performed in reading, mathematics, and science. Mr. Ijames holds a Bachelor's Degree in Mathematics, 5-12, Physical Education, K-12 and a Master's Degree in Educational Administration, K-12. Mechanicsville High School. * Last updated at 9:15 am on Sunday, February 26, 2023, 5900 N. Glenwood (Google map, other maps), Nickname(s): Bulldogs (boys), Bulldogs (girls), Board Division: 1, Legislative District: 1, IHSA Official Representative: Steven Brewer sbrewer4@cps.edu, CEO, Chicago Public Schools: Pedro Martinez phone 773-553-1500 fax 773-553-1501, Principal: Holly Dacres hadacres@cps.edu, Principal's Assistant: Mary May mmmay@cps.edu phone 773-534-2386 fax 773-534-2369, Executive Director of Sports Administration (CPS): David Rosengard drosengard@cps.edu phone 847-626-2801 fax 847-626-3840, Deputy Director of Sports Administration (CPS): Mickey Pruitt mpruitt2@cps.edu phone 773-553-6729, Boys Athletic Director: Steven Brewer sbrewer4@cps.edu, Boys Athletic Director's Assistant: Mary May mmmay@cps.edu phone 773-534-2386 fax 773-534-2369, Girls Athletic Director: Steven Brewer sbrewer4@cps.edu, Girls Athletic Director's Assistant: Mary May mmmay@cps.edu phone 773-534-2386 fax 773-534-2369, Boys Baseball Head Coach: Joseph Lev jmlev@cps.edu, Boys Basketball Head Coach: Terrell Walsh Tmwalsh@cps.edu, Boys Bowling Head Coach: Eddie Irizarry elirizarry@cps.edu, Boys Football Head Coach: Jason Yolich jyolich2@cps.edu, Boys Soccer Head Coach: Steven Brewer sbrewer4@cps.edu, Boys Swimming Head Coach: Todd Gross tkgross@cps.edu, Boys Tennis Head Coach: John Kaestner jfkaestner@cps.edu, Boys Track & Field Head Coach: Kyriako Anastasiadis kanastasiad@cps.edu, Boys Volleyball Head Coach: Brian Benson bbenson21@gmail.com, Boys Water Polo Head Coach: Kyle Anderson kjanderson11@cps.edu, Boys Wrestling Head Coach: Irving Hernandez ihernandez179@cps.edu, Girls Basketball Head Coach: Helen Ogunjimi hogunjimi@cps.edu, Girls Bowling Head Coach: Susan Kenny sekenny@cps.edu, Girls Cross Country Head Coach: Christopher Wolf cwolf@cps.edu, Competitive Cheerleading Head Coach: Pearl Turner pturner8@cps.edu, Girls Softball Head Coach: Anthony Colston adcolston@cps.edu, Girls Soccer Head Coach: Wendy Castro wcastro4@cps.edu, Girls Swimming Head Coach: Kyle Anderson kjanderson11@cps.edu, Girls Tennis Head Coach: John Kaestner jfkaestner@cps.edu, Girls Track & Field Head Coach: Christopher Wolf cwolf@cps.edu, Girls Volleyball Head Coach: Brian Benson bbenson21@gmail.com, Girls Water Polo Head Coach: Todd Gross tkgross@cps.edu, Girls Wrestling Head Coach: Irving Hernandez ihernandez179@cps.edu, Vocal Director: Trevor Nicholas tlnicholas@cps.edu. MLS# 2304505. Lofton was hired in 2010, and oversaw Senn moving from among the worst performing schools in the district to among the best. 1. Overall, [Im hoping for] a principal thatll change Senn for the better.. Mr. Coffey had come to Senn in late 1965 from Washington High School. *Christine Clayton served 4 years as Senns principal. Senn High School is a public high school of the City of Chicago School District 299 located in Chicago, IL. But that could be changing soon. Visit School Website Download Historical School Report Cards District Provided Statement. [3] The school is named in honor of surgeon, instructor, and founder of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States Nicholas Senn. And I'm over here, living the life, but not fighting for them? 1 of 152 high schools After passing the principals examination in 1935, Mr. Carr was principal of Clinton Elementary School from 1948-1951. Get good rest and prioritize questions that have answers you know, experts say. Holly Dacres Interim Principal. These counts and percentages of students and teachers are from data reported by schools to the government.
Senn High School's Search for a New Principal | RogersEdge Reporter Focusing on the student's needes is the school mission. Senn Principal Mary Beck said some students who originally opted to return have changed their minds in the past week or two, so the school gave others who stayed remote until the end of the day Friday to opt to take their place. Partially Met or Did Not Yet Meet Expectations, Acero Chtr Sch Newtwork- Sor Juana Ines De La Cruz, Northside College Preparatory High School, Aspira Charter - Business and Finance High School, YCCS-Albizu Campos Puerto Rican High School, YCCS-Innovations of Arts Integr High School, Austin College and Career Academy High School, YCCS-Latino Youth Alternative High School, YCCS- Mckinley-Lakeside Leadership Academy, Dunbar Vocational Career Acad High School, Multicultural Acad of Scholarshp High School, Infinity Math Science and Tech High School, Urban Prep Chtr Acad Bronzeville High School, Back of The Yards College Prepatory High School, Tilden Career Communty Academy High School, Acero Chtr Sch Network - Major Hector P Garcia Md Campus, Acero Charter School Network Victoria Soto Campus, Walter Henri Dyett High School for the Arts, Urban Prep Chtr Acad Englewood High School, YCCS-Community Youth Dev Inst High School, Perspectives Charter - High School of Technology, Noble St Chtr-Hansberry College Prep - Silver, Chicago Vocational Career Acad High School, YCCS-Olive Harvey Mid College High School, Noble St Chtr-Butler College Prep - Crimson, Chicago High School for Agricult Sciences. Principal- Senn High School at Chicago Public Schools Greater Chicago Area Namrata Lala Founding Principal at Public Preparatory Network Bronx, NY Lou Cove Serial Creative | Repeat. The teacher has been removed from the school pending the completion of a Chicago Public Schools investigation into the alleged incident, Senn Principal Mary Beck said in a note to school families sent Thursday night. We all made a concerted effort to move ahead. This home is located at 7081 Senn Way in Mechanicsville, VA and zip code 23111. Information regarding service learning is provided by the Service Learning Coach. Of the school's 1,536 students, 42% are Hispanic, 24% are black, 17% are Asian and 13% are white.
SENN HIGH SCHOOL - Illinois Report Card School profile information is based on government data. Watching our students celebrate the diverse cultures which are their heritage, was exciting. It was Ms. Claytons hope that more parents would be part of the LSC Local School Committee and further more become more involved with students and help them achieve their highest goals in education. How Senn High School performed nationally and statewide out of 17,843 nationally ranked schools and 673 schools ranked in Illinois. In 2010, the Senn alumni gathered for their 2ndannual picnic under Senn Friends Forever Alumni Association in which former principal Martin had agreed to attend. Want to learn how to stand out to Admissions Officers at your top colleges? On March 29, 2016 the Senn Local School Council {LSC}recommendedInterimPrincipal Mary Beck to serve as the 4 year contract principal. Mathematics). The hard work of our assistant principals and our teacher teams has helped the school continue to move forward despite our principal vacancy.. The return of the International Festival was a great experience as well. I think a [good] principal is someone who really sets the vision of a school and has the ability to move the school forward, Meadows said. *Richard S. Norman served 5 years as Senns principal. Mr. Wilson has been described as:A Modest Gentleman, an Inspiring Leader, an Understanding Parent and Teacher. MLS # 23008638 Letter from the Senn Local School Council (LSC) regarding administrative change. *Mr. Harry Carr served 5 years as Senns principal.
Home - Mercer Island High School Mr. Coffey has served many years in the Chicago School system. In October of 1996 our school was notified that they had been placed on probation. I am confident that his spirit lives on through the students of Senn High School.. Senn also has the TESOL/Multilingual Program, an English as a Second Language program for limited English proficiency students, the Striving for Excellence Program (for a select group of freshmen identified as struggling or at-risk), and the Education-To-Careers Program (for 10th, 11th and 12th graders that includes job shadowing, apprenticeships, and partnerships with local businesses). Judith R. Hernandez like her predecessor Christine Clayton had also worked at Senn High School for a great number of years. Senn Metropolitan Academy is a microcosm of the world. Our Senn Class of '61 Reunion affirmed what has been widely known for half a century: we are so fortunate to have had wonderful classmates! African-American principal. Students Learn More Race and Gender Distribution Race and Gender Distribution Meet the Candidates: David Earl Williams III running for 48th Ward Is graffiti art or vandalism? Principal Mary Beck of Senn High School in Chicago raised eyebrows this week when she wrote that the departure of a teacher that was charged with the sexual assault of a student is "bittersweet." Senn High School Theater Director Joel Ewing is accused of engaging in a long relationship with a student that began when she was 15-years-old. Just as Dr. Nicholas Senn attempted throughout his career to help people, Senns new principal Thomas F. Coffey is responsible for the welfare of Senns 3385 students.
Senn Teacher Removed From School After Allegedly Telling Hispanic Student organizations at Senn range from the Global Heritage Club to the Red Cross Club. In order to become principal of Senn High, John T. Martin with perseverance waited through 28 meetings of the Senn High School selection committee, who finally selected who finally selected him as their choice for principal to the Board of Education. Prior to that, Mr. Nowinson had taught at McKinley High, Rees, Wells, Austin High, Crain and Lakeview. So our theme presents its challenge. It read: New Horizons the overtones in the theme of this years Forum call up echoes of the daring, the intrepid, the adventurous all those bold qualities that identify the frontiersmen in his uncharted trek westward.
Principals Removed At Senn High School, Marine Leadership Academy A CPS statement said both cases stem from unrelated investigations by the inspector general's office.
SENN HIGH SCHOOL | School Snapshot - Illinois Report Card Senn High School is a public 4-year high school located in the Edgewater neighborhood on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Scholarships can help families afford K-12 private schools. "It was really bogus of her to do that because she always talked about giving students an opportunity and she ended up not giving opportunity to other students," said Senn student Diana Espinosa. That means the teaching profession must move toward the day when every teacher is a visionary, an agitator, an agent of change, an enemy of status. The expansiveness of New Horizons beckons and welcomes us to the bright future.. This is a 624 square foot, 1.0 bathroom, single family home. Senn is operated by the Chicago Public Schools system and was opened on 3 February 1913. First published on July 21, 2015 / 9:43 AM. Public secondary school in Chicago, Illinois, US, Service learning/extra-curricular activities, Chicago Tribune (Chicago, Cook, Illinois, United States of America), 18 February 1934, Sun, Page 78, International Baccalaureate Diploma Program, "Nicholas Senn High School The Early Years | Edgewater Historical Society", "Senn: Building and Grounds, History | Edgewater Historical Society", "Senn, Nicholas Senn High School Honor Roll", "Seeing Funny Side Is Way of Life With Cliff", Nicholas Senn High School at CPSalumni.org, Chicago Public Schools Alumni: "Senn, Nicolas Senn High School", List of schools in Chicago Public Schools, Raby School for Community and Environment, Administrative hearing of William McAndrew, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Senn_High_School&oldid=1142693508, Educational institutions established in 1913, Short description is different from Wikidata, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Pages using infobox school with a linked country, Articles lacking reliable references from January 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 21:48. Through the power of his personality we have learned to be more individual; he taught us how to help him in the challenging but worthwhile tasks of keeping the personal element alive in a school as large as Senn has become.. High school students take AP exams and IB exams to earn college credit and demonstrate success at college-level coursework. Principal Holly Dacres Chief Executive Officer Mr. Pedro Martinez Address 5900 N GLENWOOD AVE CHICAGO IL 60660 (773) 534-2365. Its actually good for the game, Sox manager Pedro Grifol said. Friends of Senn works collaboratively with Principal Mary Beck and the Local School Council to determine areas of need. 193 Saint Benedict , Pevely, MO 63070-1648 is a single-family home listed for-sale at $495,000. Those who returned were generally happy to be back even though school felt somewhat unfamiliar.